What About the Scene With the Hitler Reference? HAUNT: A Framework to Probe LLMs’ Self-consistency in Closed Domains Via Adversarial Nudge

摘要

Hallucinations pose a critical challenge to the real-world deployment of large language models (LLMs) in high-stakes domains. In this paper, we present a framework for stress testing factual fidelity in LLMs in the presence of adversarial nudge. Our framework consists of three steps. First, we instruct the LLM to produce sets of truths and lies consistent with the closed domain in question. Next, we instruct the LLM to verify the same set of assertions as truths and lies consistent with the same closed domain. Finally, we test the robustness of the LLM against the lies generated (and verified) by itself. Our extensive evaluation, conducted using five widely known proprietary and six open LLMs across two closed domains of popular movies and novels, reveals a wide range of susceptibility to adversarial nudges: even among the strongest proprietary LLMs, Claude exhibits strong resilience, GPT and Grok demonstrate moderate resilience, while Gemini and DeepSeek show weak resilience and open models fall short significantly.